Namaeh Farhangistan

Namaeh Farhangistan

The markers of the locative case and the syntactic word order in the declension of the noun in Modern Balochi

Document Type : Original Article

Author
Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Humanities, Velayat University, Iranshahr, Iran
Abstract
In the declension of nouns, especially in ancient Iranian languages, various cases such as nominative, accusative, instrumental, dative, locative, ablative, and vocative were used. The historical study of Iranian languages from ancient to middle and present times shows that changes have occurred in the types of declension elements of noun cases and their attributions. Some languages, including Persian, have changed the declension markers to complementary elements such as prepositions. In the meantime, the modern Balochi language, one of the north-western Iranian languages, is noteworthy, as it shows traces of those cases of declension. In this study, the markers of declension of nouns have been studied in a descriptive manner only in the "locative case". In answer to the question of what are the markers of the locative case in Modern Balochi and how is their syntactic word order in collocation with the noun, the findings show that these factors include a bound morpheme in the form of the suffix -ā and thirteen prepositions and adverbs as free morphemes. The thirteen simple or compound adpositions and adverbs which are used before or after the noun, with or without the suffix -ā, depending on the context, are: andar, tah, tōk, ma, ma tah, myān, darmyān, nyām, myānjīn, be, lāp, šam, tal . The variety of these suffixes is mostly the result of the dialectal diversity of the Balochi language, and the four markers -a, tah, tōk, ma are the most widely used.
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References
Sources are in Persian unless otherwise specified.
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Volume 25, Issue 4 - Serial Number 104
Nameh Farhangestan (Languages ​​and dialects of Iran)
September and October 2026
Pages 127-145

  • Receive Date 28 April 2026
  • Revise Date 06 June 2026
  • Accept Date 25 July 2026